Sensor Placement in Municipal Water Networks with Temporal Integer Programming Models

We present a mixed-integer programming (MIP) formulation for sensor placement optimization in municipal water distribution systems that includes the temporal characteristics of contamination events and their impacts. Typical network water quality simulations track contaminant concentration and movement over time, computing contaminant concentration time-series for each junction. Given this information, we can compute the impact of a contamination event over time and determine affected locations. This process quantifies the benefits of sensing contamination at different junctions in the network. Ours is the first MIP model to base sensor placement decisions on such data, compromising over many individual contamination events. The MIP formulation is mathematically equivalent to the well-known p-median facility location ∗Discrete Algorithms and Math Dept, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 1110, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM, [email protected] †Discrete Algorithms and Math Dept, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 1110, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM; Ph: 505-844-2217; [email protected] ‡Discrete Algorithms and Math Dept, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 1110, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM, [email protected] §USEPA, Cincinnati, OH and Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH; PH (513)569-7974 [email protected]. ¶Discrete Algorithms and Math Dept, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 1110, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM, [email protected]